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Pigeons are known best for their slender bills, multicolored plumage, and stout bodies and are more common in Asian and Australian realms. Pigeons come in different sizes and have different weights depending upon the nature of the species. Pigeons may range in weight from 70 to 2000 grams, and their size may vary from 15 to 70 centimeters. It is reported that pigeons possess 11 primary feathers arranged in a particular fashion to facilitate the flight movements of the bird as pigeons are considered to be the birds with the best flight muscles and fastest flights. Another characteristic feature of pigeon’s feathers is that the shaft is flattened, stout, and broad.

Based on the food items pigeons feed on, they are categorized into two main groups: frugivorous species and granivorous species. The former species obtain the energy required for daily life activities from fruits and their extracts, whereas the latter depends largely on seeds and their main components. Another striking difference between granivores and frugivores is that the latter possess intestines much smaller in size compared to the former, plus the gizzard, esophagus, and stomach are thick-walled in granivores and thin-walled in frugivores. Additionally, some pigeons also obtain energy by eating worms, sloths, insects, and other arthropods. One of the most interesting things about pigeons is that they are widespread all over the world.

However, pigeon can not survive in the driest areas of the world like Antarctica, the Arctic region, and the Sahara Desert. Documentation recorded in the historical period noted that pigeons were widely used during World War Two and World War One. For their exceptional performance, pigeons were rewarded with distinctive awards and medals. In most ancient cultures, pigeons and doves were considered the symbols of peace, war, love, and sexuality. According to Hebrew Bible, pigeons can be sacrificed by those who are poor enough to sacrifice a big animal.